Dalbergia Odoriferae Lignum roj ntshiab rau tswm ciab thiab xab npum ua lag luam wholesale diffuser roj tseem ceeb tshiab rau reed burner diffusers

Raws li lub hauv paus ntaub ntawv ntawm Daim Ntawv Teev Cov Nroj Tsuag (http://www.theplantlist.org, 2017), lub npe lees txais hauv qab no ntawmDalbergia odoriferaCov tsiaj txhu T. Chen tau teev nyob rau theem ntawm kev ntseeg siab siab [13Cov nroj tsuag tshuajD. odoriferahom ntoo, tseem hu ua fragrant rosewood, yog ib tsob ntoo semideciduous perennial [14], nrog rau cov yam ntxwv morphological xws li qhov siab ntawm 30–65 ko taw, nplooj oval, thiab paj me me daj [14]. Cov yam ntxwv morphology kuj tau tshaj tawm hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Hao thiab Wu (1993), raws li cov lus piav qhia ntxaws ntxaws ntawm daim ntawv lub cev thiab cov qauv sab nraud ua rau ntawm cov hlwb parenchyma ntawm cov ntoo deciduous sov ntawmD. odoriferahom tsiaj [15]. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig tau pom, hauv phloem theem ob ntawm ceg thiab lub cev, cov protein vacuole tau pom muaj nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov hlwb parenchyma, tshwj tsis yog cov hlwb sib koom. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov protein hauv ray parenchyma thiab vasicentric parenchyma tshwm sim tsuas yog nyob rau hauv sab nraud theem ob xylem ntawm ceg, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv lub cev theem ob xylem. Cov protein xylem vacuole tau sau thaum kawg ntawm lub sijhawm loj hlob thiab ploj mus tom qab thawj zaug ntawm kev loj hlob hauv lub caij nplooj ntoo hlav. Cov protein phloem vacuole tau qhia txog kev hloov pauv ntawm lub caij, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov hlwb ze ntawm cambium. Cov qauv fibrous ntawm cov protein vacuole tau pom tseeb hauv qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib sau ua ke lossis ntau dua lossis tsawg dua qhov kev sib kis tshwm sim hauv cov vacuoles loj hauv nruab nrab thaum lub sijhawm loj hlob thiab lub sijhawm dormant. Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm lub caij nyoog hauv cov ntoo sov yuav txawv ntawm qhov ntawd hauv cov ntoo sov, uas cov ntoo leguminous los ntawm thaj chaw sov ntawm Tuam Tshoj xws liD. odoriferacov hom tsiaj muaj cov protein khaws cia qia hauv cov vacuoles loj hauv nruab nrab, tab sis cov protein khaws cia qia ntawm cov ntoo sov tau tshwm sim ua cov protein khaws cia me me lossis cov protein lub cev, thiab hom tshwj xeeb ntawm cov protein khaws cia qia pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag sov tej zaum yuav tsis yog qhov xwm txheej tsis tau xav txog [15].

Cov nroj tsuag tshuajD. odoriferacov hom ntoo rosewood tau pom tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ntoo rosewood muaj nqis tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb nrog ntau yam tshuaj thiab kev lag luam muaj nqis. Piv txwv li, nws lub plawv ntoo, hu ua "Jiangxiang" hauv tshuaj suav ib txwm muaj, tau siv hauv Suav Pharmacopoeia los kho cov kab mob plawv, mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib, ntshav tsis zoo, ischemia, o, necrosis, thiab mob rheumatic [6,7]. Raws li peb paub, cov ntoo hauv paus tau muab cov roj tseem ceeb uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, uas tuaj yeem pom tau tias yog cov tshuaj tsw qab zoo nkauj [1]. Sib nrug ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, cov ntoo hauv plawv ntoo tau nto moo rau cov rooj tog zoo thiab cov khoom siv tes ua, vim lawv cov ntxhiab tsw qab, qhov chaw zoo nkauj, thiab qhov ceev ceev [2]. Nws pom tias cov nroj tsuag qusD. odoriferacov tsiaj txhu raug kev hem thawj los ntawm kev poob qhov chaw nyob thiab kev siv ntoo ntau dhau [2,16]. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm qhov no yog ib txoj haujlwm ceev. Sib piv nrog qhov no, tsis ntev los no, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw thiab qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv rauD. odoriferakev tawg noob (raws li plaub qhov chaw nyob hauv thaj chaw: Ledong, Hainan; Pingxiang, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region; Zhaoqing, Guangdong; thiab Longhai, Fujian, Suav teb) tau tshaj tawm hauv txoj haujlwm ntawm Liu et al. (2017) [16]. Qhov tshwm sim qhia tau hais tias qhov kub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov noob sau los ntawm Ledong thiab Pingxiang yog 25 ° C, thaum rau cov noob los ntawm ob qho seem yog 30 ° C. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, Lu et al. (2012) pom tias lub peev xwm nodulating los kho N2 los ntawm huab cua hauvD. odoriferacov hom tsiaj yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tsim cov noob thiab kev loj hlob, yog li ntawd peb yuav tsum txheeb xyuas kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob ntawm rhizobia thiab cov nodules ntawmD. odoriferahom tsiaj [17]. Kev tshuaj xyuas phylogenetic ntawm 16S rRNA gene thiab 16S-23S sab hauv transcribed spacer (ITS) suav tias ob hom kab mob no, 8111 thiab 8201, tau rho tawm los ntawm cov hauv paus hniav ntawm cov ntoo legume hauv Southern China,D. odoriferacov tsiaj txhu, uas muaj feem cuam tshuam nrogBurkholderia cepaciaLub sijhawm ntawd, lawv kuj zoo sib xws hauv kev siv cov pa roj carbon siv cov kev sim biology GN2 phaj thiab lawv cov DNA G + C cov ntsiab lus yog 65.8 thiab 65.5 mol%, feem [17]. Ob hom kab mob, 8111 thiab 8201, kuj tau muab cov kev zoo sib xws nrogB. cepacianyuaj hauv kev oxidation ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw carbon, tshwj tsis yog cellobiose, piv rauB. cepaciathiabB. pyrrocinialos ntawm kev oxidation ntawm cellobiose thiab xylitol thiab nrogB. vietnamiensislos ntawm kev oxidation ntawm adonitol thiab cellobiose [17]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag biomass thiab N cov ntsiab lus qhia tau hais tias N2 fixation tshwm sim hauv cov nodules tom qab txhaj tshuaj nrog ob qho noBurkholderiacov noob tsis zoo, piv rau cov noob tsis tswj hwm ntawmD. odoriferahom tsiaj [17]. Xaus lus,BurkholderiaCov kab mob 8111 thiab 8201 tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev tsim cov nodules ua haujlwm ntawm cov hom legumeD. odorifera[17].

Cov kab mob Endophytic lossis endophytes, uas muaj nyob hauv cov nqaij noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, tej zaum yuav muaj feem cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam metabolic thiab qhov zoo thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj.49]. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau hom nceb thiab ib feem ntawm cov ntoo tsis sib xws ntawm Guangdong, Suav teb,D. odoriferahom tsiaj, tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Sun et al. (2015); thawj zaug, tsuas yog ob hom nceb tau cais tawm ntawm 160 cov ntaub so ntoo dawb noj qab haus huv, kwv yees li xya xyoo, uas tau koom nrog hom Bionectriaceae. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, 85 hom nceb tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov ntaub so ntoo raug mob xim av lossis xim av-xim av, kwv yees li xya xyoo, thiab koom nrog 12 hom [2]. Qhov thib ob, kev txheeb xyuas molecular thiab kev tshuaj xyuas phylogenetic qhia tau hais tias cov fungi cais tawm tau ua xya lub clades sib txawv nrog feem ntau ntawm cov nqi bootstrap zoo dua 90%, suav nrogKab mob Fusariumsp., Bionectriaceae, Pleosporales,Phomopsissp.,Exophiala jeanselmei,Auricularia polytricha, thiabOudemansiellasp. Piv txwv li, qhov ITS sequence los ntawm tus lej cais 12120 los ntawm cov ntoo raug mob tau txheeb xyuas tias yogPhomopsissp. thiab tau clustered los ntawm 98% bootstrap kev txhawb nqa nrogPhomopsissp.DQ780429los yog nrog tus lej cais 12201 uas tau los ntawm cov ntoo dawb noj qab haus huv, ua rau muaj cov clade txhawb nqa zoo nrogCov nroj tsuag Bionectriaceaesp.EF672316, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog peb qhov isolates 12119, 12130, thiab 12131 uas muaj feem cuam tshuam ze los ntawm 92% bootstrap tus nqi, uas sib sau ua ke nrog cov kab lus siv ntawmKab mob Fusariumsp. hauv GenBank. Qhov thib peb, kev tshawb fawb dav dav thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tag nrho ntawm qhov zaus ntawm kev rho tawm endophytic tau pom kaum ob hom fungal hauv cov ntoo raug mob xim av-xim av uas tag nrho cov zaus colonization yog 53.125%, koom nrog yim genera lossis tsev neeg:Eutypa,Kab mob Fusarium,Phomopsis,Oudemansiella,Eutypella,Auricularia,Pleoporalessp., thiabExophiala, nyob rau hauv uasEutypasp. (12123) yog qhov feem ntau nrog 21.25%, thaum tsuas yogCov nroj tsuag Bionectriaceaesp. (1.25%) tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntoo dawb noj qab haus huv. Thaum kawg, kev tshuaj xyuas anatomical qhia tias qee cov fungal hyphae tshwm sim nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov ntoo raug mob xim av-xim av, thaum qhov no tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov ntoo dawb noj qab haus huv.