Ntshiab Dalbergia Odoriferae Lignum roj rau tswm ciab thiab xab npum ua lag luam wholesale diffuser yam tseem ceeb roj tshiab rau reed burner diffusers

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Cov nroj tsuag tshuajDalbergia odoriferaT. Chen hom, kuj hu uaLignum Dalbergia odoriferae[1], belongs rau genusDalbergiatsev neeg Fabaceae (Leguminosae) [2]. Cov nroj tsuag no tau nthuav dav hauv thaj chaw sov ntawm Central thiab South America, Africa, Madagascar, thiab East thiab Southern Asia [1,3], tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Suav teb [4].D. odoriferahom, uas tau raug hu ua "Jiangxiang" hauv Suav, "Kangjinhyang" hauv Kaus Lim Kauslim, thiab "Koshinko" hauv cov tshuaj Nyij Pooj, tau siv hauv cov tshuaj ib txwm siv rau kev kho mob plawv, mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib, ntshav tsis txaus, ischemia, o. , necrosis, mob rheumatic, thiab lwm yam [5-7]. Tshwj xeeb, los ntawm Suav tshuaj ntsuab npaj, lub plawv tau pom thiab tau nquag ua haujlwm ua ib feem ntawm kev lag luam tshuaj sib tov rau kev kho mob plawv, suav nrog Qi-Shen-Yi-Qi decoction, Guanxin-Danshen tshuaj, thiab Danshen txhaj [5,6,8-11]. Raws li ntau lwm yamDalbergiahom, phytochemical kev tshawb nrhiav pom qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov feem ntau flavonoid, phenol, thiab sesquiterpene derivatives nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw ntawm cov nroj tsuag no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm heartwood [12]. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntau cov ntaub ntawv bioactive ntawm cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic, antiosteosarcoma, antiosteoporosis, thiab vasorelaxant kev ua ub no thiab alpha-glucosidase inhibitory kev ua ub no qhia tau hais tias ob leeg.D. odoriferacrude extracts thiab nws cov metabolites theem nrab yog cov peev txheej tseem ceeb rau kev txhim kho tshuaj tshiab. Txawm li cas los xij, tsis muaj pov thawj qhia txog kev pom dav dav txog cov nroj tsuag no. Hauv qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no, peb muab cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg loj thiab kev ntsuam xyuas lom neeg. Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no yuav ua rau muaj txiaj ntsig rau kev nkag siab txog cov txiaj ntsig ib txwm muajD. odoriferathiab lwm yam tsiaj muaj feem xyuam, thiab nws muab cov txheej txheem tsim nyog rau kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.

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Raws li cov ntaub ntawv ntawm Cov Ntawv Tso Cai Tso Cai (http://www.theplantlist.org, 2017), cov npe hauv qab no lees txais ntawmDalbergia odoriferaT. Chen hom muaj npe nyob rau theem ntawm kev ntseeg siab [13]. Cov nroj tsuag tshuajD. odoriferahom, tseem hu ua aroma rosewood, yog ib tsob ntoo semideciduous perennial [14], nrog rau cov yam ntxwv morphological xws li qhov siab ntawm 30-65 ko taw, oval nplooj, thiab me me paj daj [14]. Cov yam ntxwv morphology kuj tau raug tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Hao thiab Wu (1993), raws li cov lus piav qhia ntawm lub cev daim ntawv thiab cov qauv sab nraud ua rau cov qia parenchyma hlwb ntawm tsob ntoo tropical deciduous.D. odoriferahom [15]. Raws li cov txiaj ntsig tau tshwm sim, nyob rau hauv cov phloem theem nrab ntawm cov ceg ntoo thiab lub cev, cov vacuole proteins tau pom nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov parenchyma hlwb, tshwj tsis yog rau cov hlwb ua ke. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov proteins nyob rau hauv cov duab tshav parenchyma thiab vasicentric parenchyma tshwm sim nyob rau hauv tsuas yog sab nraud xylem ntawm branchlet, tab sis tsis nyob rau hauv lub cev thib ob xylem. Lub xylem vacuole proteins tau sau nyob rau thaum xaus ntawm lub sij hawm loj hlob thiab ploj mus tom qab thawj flush ntawm kev loj hlob nyob rau hauv caij nplooj ntoos hlav. Cov phloem vacuole proteins qhia txog kev hloov pauv raws caij nyoog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov hlwb ze ntawm cambium. Cov qauv fibrous ntawm vacuole proteins tau pom tseeb pom nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm kev sib sau los yog ntau dua lossis tsawg dua txawm tias muaj kev sib cais tshwm sim hauv lub hauv paus loj vacuoles thaum lub sij hawm loj hlob thiab lub sij hawm dormant. Qhov tseem ceeb, qhov xwm txheej ntawm kev loj hlob raws caij nyoog nyob rau hauv cov ntoo tropical tej zaum yuav txawv ntawm cov ntoo nyob rau hauv temperate ntoo, nyob rau hauv uas ib tsob ntoo leguminous los ntawm lub tropics ntawm Tuam Tshoj xws liD. odoriferaCov tsiaj muaj cov qia cia cov proteins nyob rau hauv lub hauv paus loj vacuoles, tab sis cov qia cia cov proteins ntawm temperate ntoo tshwm raws li me me protein cia vacuoles los yog protein lub cev, thiab cov hom tshwj xeeb ntawm qia protein cia pom nyob rau hauv tropical nroj tsuag tej zaum yuav tsis yog ib qho xwm txheej tshwm sim [15].

Cov nroj tsuag tshuajD. odoriferahom tau pom tias yog ib qho ntawm cov ntoo muaj txiaj ntsig tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb nrog ntau yam tshuaj thiab muaj txiaj ntsig kev lag luam siab. Piv txwv li, nws lub plawv, lub npe hu ua "Jiangxiang" hauv cov tshuaj suav tshuaj, tau siv hauv Suav Pharmacopoeia los kho cov kab mob plawv, mob qog noj ntshav, ntshav qab zib, ntshav tsis txaus, ischemia, o, necrosis, thiab mob rheumatic [6,7]. Raws li peb paub, cov ntoo ntoo tau muab cov txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm cov roj yam tseem ceeb, uas tuaj yeem pom tias muaj txiaj ntsig zoo nkauj perfume fixative [1]. Sib nrug los ntawm lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, cov ntoo siab tau nto moo rau cov rooj tog zaum siab thiab khoom siv tes ua, vim lawv cov ntxhiab tsw qab, zoo nkauj nto, thiab siab ceev [2]. Nws pom tias cov nroj tsuag qusD. odoriferahom tsiaj raug hem los ntawm qhov chaw nyob poob thiab overexploitation rau kev siv ntoo [2,16]. Yog li ntawd, kev tiv thaiv thiab kev loj hlob ntawm qhov no yog ib qho haujlwm ceev. Parallel nrog qhov no, tsis ntev los no, cuam tshuam ntawm thaj chaw thiab qhov kub thiab txias hloov pauv ntawmD. odoriferanoob germination (raws li plaub thaj chaw: Ledong, Hainan; Pingxiang, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Thaj Chaw; Zhaoqing, Guangdong; thiab Longhai, Fujian, Tuam Tshoj) tau tshaj tawm hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm Liu li al. (2017) [16]. Cov txiaj ntsig tau qhia tias qhov ntsuas kub zoo tshaj plaws rau cov noob sau los ntawm Ledong thiab Pingxiang yog 25 ° C, thaum cov noob los ntawm ob qho ntxiv yog 30 ° C. Hauv lwm qhov xwm txheej, Lu et al. (2012) pom tias qhov nodulating muaj peev xwm kho N2 los ntawm huab cua hauvD. odoriferaHom kab mob yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua ua ntej rau kev tsim cov yub thiab kev loj hlob, thiab yog li peb yuav tsum txheeb xyuas qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm cov kab mob rhizobia thiab nodules ntawmD. odoriferahom [17]. Phylogenetic tsom xam ntawm 16S rRNA gene thiab 16S-23S internal transcribed spacer (ITS) reckoned tias ob hom kab mob no, 8111 thiab 8201, raug cais tawm ntawm cov hauv paus nodules ntawm ib qho chaw muaj ntoo nyob rau sab qab teb Tuam Tshoj,D. odoriferahom, uas tau ze ze rauBurkholderia cepacia. Nyob rau lub sijhawm no, lawv kuj tau zoo ib yam hauv kev siv cov pa roj carbon monoxide uas siv cov kev sim tshuaj lom neeg GN2 phaj thiab lawv cov ntsiab lus DNA G + C yog 65.8 thiab 65.5 mol%, feem.17]. Ob hom kab mob, 8111 thiab 8201, ntxiv rau qhov zoo sib xws nrogB. cepaciacomplex nyob rau hauv oxidation ntawm yuav luag txhua qhov chaw carbon, tshwj tsis yog rau cellobiose, piv nrogB. cepaciathiabB. pyrocinialos ntawm oxidation ntawm cellobiose thiab xylitol thiab nrogB. vietnamlos ntawm oxidation ntawm adonitol thiab cellobiose [17]. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov nroj tsuag biomass thiab N cov ntsiab lus pom tau hais tias nquag N2 fixation tshwm sim nyob rau hauv nodules tom qab inoculation nrog ob.Burkholderiahom, raws li piv rau kev tswj tsis zoo seedlings ntawmD. odoriferahom [17]. Hauv kev xaus,BurkholderiaHom 8111 thiab 8201 tuaj yeem ua lub luag haujlwm zoo hauv kev tsim cov nodules ntawm hom legume.D. odorifera[17].

Endophytic fungi lossis endophytes, uas muaj nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv ntawm cov nroj tsuag, yuav cuam tshuam rau kev tsim cov khoom metabolic thiab qhov zoo thiab ntau ntawm cov khoom ntuj tsim los ntawm cov nroj tsuag tshuaj [49]. Kev sib raug zoo ntawm ntau hom fungi thiab ib nrab tsis xwm yeem heartwood ntawm Guangdong, Tuam Tshoj,D. odoriferahom, tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Sun et al. (2015); thawj zaug, tsuas yog ob lub fungi raug rho tawm los ntawm 160 dawb cov ntaub so ntswg noj qab haus huv, kwv yees li xya xyoo, uas tau koom nrog hom Bionectriaceae. Ntawm qhov tsis sib xws, 85 cov kab mob tau txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg liab lossis ntshav-xim av raug mob, kwv yees li xya xyoo, thiab koom nrog 12 hom [2]. Thib ob, kev txheeb xyuas cov molecular thiab phylogenetic tsom xam pom tias cov kab mob sib cais tau ua xya qhov sib txawv nrog rau feem ntau ntawm cov txiaj ntsig bootstrap zoo tshaj 90%, suav nrogFusariumsp., Bionectriaceae, Pleosporales,Phomopsissp.,Exophiala jeanselmei,Auricularia polytricha muaj ntau yam, thiabOudemansiellasp. Piv txwv li, ITS ib ntus los ntawm kev sib cais code 12120 los ntawm cov ntoo raug mob raug txheeb xyuas raws liPhomopsissp. thiab tau clustered los ntawm 98% bootstrap txhawb nrogPhomopsissp.qw 780429los yog nrog tus lej sib cais 12201 muab los ntawm cov ntoo dawb huv, siv lub zog txhawb nqa clade nrogBionectriaceaesp.ib 672316, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog peb cais 12119, 12130, thiab 12131 uas tau zoo sib xws los ntawm 92% bootstrap tus nqi, uas tau sib koom ua ke nrog cov lus qhia ua ntu zus ntawmFusariumsp. hauv GenBank. Thib peb, kev tshawb fawb dav dav thiab kev soj ntsuam tag nrho ntawm qhov kev sib cais ntawm endophytic zaus nthuav tawm kaum ob hom fungal nyob rau hauv cov xim liab-xim av raug mob ntoo uas tag nrho colonization zaus yog 53.125%, uas yog yim genera los yog tsev neeg:Eutypa,Fusarium,Phomopsis,Oudemansiella,Eutypella,Auricularia,Pleoporalessp., uaExophiala, hauvEutypasp. (12123) feem ntau yog 21.25%, tab sis tsuas yogBionectriaceaesp. (1.25%) tau pom nyob rau hauv cov ntoo dawb huv. Thaum kawg, kev tshuaj ntsuam anatomical qhia tias qee cov kab mob fungal hyphae tshwm sim hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov ntoo liab-xim av raug mob, qhov no tsis pom nyob rau hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm cov ntoo dawb.