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Forsythia suspensa(Tub.) Vahl. (Tsev neeg Oleaceae) yog tsob ntoo ornamental, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo uas tau siv los ua tus paub zoo TCM "Forsythiae Fructus" (FF) (连翘 hauv Suav). Cov yam ntxwv ntawm TCM ntawm FF yog suav hais tias yog iab hauv qab, nrog rau qhov mob me me thiab lub ntsws, lub plawv lossis txoj hnyuv meridian kev faib tawm (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015), cov yam ntxwv zoo sib xws rau cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev tiv thaiv TCM, raws li Chen. thiab Zhang (2014). Hauv Shennong cov tshuaj ntsuab, FF tau siv rau kev kho mob pyrexia, o, mob gonorrhea, carbuncle thiab erysipelas (Cho et al., 2011). Muaj ob hom FF, cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab ntsuab hu ua "Qingqiao" thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo daj hu ua "Laoqiao". Ob leeg ua hauj lwm los ntawm FF, txawm li cas los xij, Qingqiao tau siv ntau zaus hauv TCM cov tshuaj (Jia li al., 2015). Cov chaw tsim khoom loj ntawm FF yog Hebei, Shaanxi, Shanxi, Shandong, Anhui, Henan, Hubei, Jiangsu (cog) thiab Sichuan Provinces (Editorial Board of Flora of China, 1978).

Hauv 2015 tsab Suav Pharmacopoeia, 114 Suav tshuaj npaj muaj FF tau teev tseg, xws li Shuanghuanglian qhov ncauj tshuaj, Yinqiao Jiedu ntsiav tshuaj, Niuhuang Shangqing ntsiav tshuaj, thiab lwm yam (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015). Cov kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no qhia txog nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob (Kim et al., 2003), antioxidant (CC Chen et al., 1999), antibacterial (Han et al., 2012), anti-cancer (Hu et al., 2007), anti -virus (Ko et al., 2005), anti-allergy (Hao et al., 2010), neuroprotective (S. Zhang et al., 2015) cov teebmeem,lwm.Txawm hais tias tsuas yog cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo yog siv los ua TCM, qee cov kev tshawb fawb tau qhia txog phytochemistry thiab pharmacological teebmeem ntawm nplooj (Ge et al., 2015, Zhang li al., 2015), paj (Takizawa li al., 1981) thiab noob (Zhang li al. ., 2002).F. suspensa. Yog li ntawd, peb tam sim no muab ib tug systematic txheej txheem cej luam ntawm muaj cov ntaub ntawv ntawmF. suspensa, suav nrog kev siv tshuaj, botany, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicity, pharmacokinetics thiab kev tswj kom zoo. Tsis tas li, cov lus qhia yav tom ntej ntawm kev tshawb fawb tau tham txog.

Ntu ntu ntu

Ib txwm siv

Nyob rau hauv classical Suav tshuaj ntsuab ntawv, FF yog sau tseg raws li pab tau nyob rau hauv kev kho mob ntawm nas fistula, scrofula, carbuncle, malignant rwj, gall qog, kub thiab tshuaj lom (Shennong's herbal, Bencao Chongyuan, Bencao Zhengyi, Zhenglei Bencao). Raws li ntau cov classics thaum ub, cov tshuaj ntsuab no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev tshem tawm cov cua sov ntawm lub plawv channel thiab tso cov dampness-kub ntawm tus po thiab plab. Nws tseem yog kev kho mob rau kev kho mob stranguria, oedema, qi stagnancy thiab ntshav stasis.

Botany

F. suspensa(Weeping Forsythia) yog tsob ntoo ornamental deciduous ib txwm nyob rau Suav teb, loj hlob mus rau qhov siab txog 3 m (Fig. 1). Nws muaj hollow internodes nrog kis los yog pendulous branchlets uas yog daj-xim av los yog grey-xim av nyob rau hauv cov xim. Nplooj yog feem ntau yooj yim, tab sis qee zaum 3-foliolate. Nplooj nplooj yog ovate, dav ovate, los yog elliptic-ovate thiab 2-10 × 1.5-5 cm2 nyob rau hauv loj nrog ib tug sib npaug rau cuneate puag thiab ib tug mob apex. Ob sab ntawm nplooj yog ntsuab, glabrous nrog sharply los yog coarsely

Phytochemistry

Niaj hnub no, 237 lub tebchaw tau pom nyob rau hauvF. suspensa46 lignans (1–46), 31 phenylethanoid glycosides (47–77), 11 flavonoids (78–88), 80 terpenoids (89–168), 20 cyclohexylethanol derivatives (169–188), rau alkaloids (618–19). ), plaub steroidals (195–198) thiab 39 lwm cov tebchaw (199–237). Ntawm lawv, ob feem (21-22) raug cais tawm ntawm paj ntawmF. suspensa, 19 Cheebtsam (94–100, 107–111, 115–117, 198, 233–235) raug cais tawm ntawm nplooj ntawmF. suspensa, plaub lub tswv yim

Anti-inflammatory teebmeem

Anti-inflammatory kev ua ub no ntawm FF txhawb nws cov teebmeem kub-tshuaj (Guo li al., 2015). Kev mob yog lub cev teb rau kis kab mob, ua xua, lossis tshuaj lom neeg stimulation (Lee et al., 2011). Nws koom nrog kev txhim kho cov kab mob ntev, xws li kab mob ntawm daim tawv nqaij, ua xua, thiab mob qog noj ntshav,lwm.FF yog ib qho ntawm TCM nrog lub peev xwm tiv thaiv kab mob, nws tau siv dav rau kev mob ntev thiab mob hnyav. Kev tiv thaiv kev ua ub no ntawm FF qeb thib tsib ntawm 81 kuaj TCM (70% ethanol

Toxicity

Txog rau tam sim no, tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm txog kev lom ntawm FF. Kev tswj hwm txhua hnub ntawm FF yog pom zoo kom yog 6-15 g (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015). Cov ntawv ceeb toom cuam tshuam tau qhia tias tsis muaj mob toxicity ntawm dej lossis ethanol extract ntawm nplooj ntawmF. suspensaHauv cov nas, txawm tias noj txhua hnub ntawm 61.60 g / kg (Ai li al., 2011, Hou et al., 2016, Li et al., 2013). Han et al. (2017) qhia tsis muaj mob toxicity ntawm phillyrin (los ntawm nplooj ntawmF. suspensa)hauv NIH nas (18.1 g / kg / hnub, po, rau 14 hnub) lossis tsis muaj

Pharmacokinetics

Li et al. tau txheeb xyuas cuaj theem I metabolites ntawm phillyrin hauv cov zis kuaj cov nas thiab nthuav qhia nws txoj hauv kev metabolic hauv nas. Phillyrin tau pib hydrolyzed rau hauv phillygenin thiab tom qab ntawd hloov mus rau lwm cov metabolites tseem ceeb los ntawm cov txheej txheem methylation, demethylation, dehydroxylation thiab lub nplhaib-qhib cov txheej txheem (Li et al., 2014c). H. Wang et al. (2016) tau txheeb xyuas 34 theem I thiab theem II metabolites ntawm phillyrin thiab qhia tias hydrolysis, oxidation thiab sulfation yog qhov tseem ceeb.

Kev tswj kom zoo

Txhawm rau tswj hwm qhov zoo ntawm FF, Suav Pharmacopoeia qhia txog morphological, microscopic thiab TLC txheeb xyuas ntxiv rau HPLC kev txiav txim. Cov qauv FF uas tsim nyog yuav tsum muaj ntau dua 0.150% phillyrin (Pharmacopoeia Commission of PRC, 2015).

Txawm li cas los xij, ib qho kev ntsuas ntau, phillyrin, zoo li tsis txaus los ntsuas qhov zoo ntawm FF. Tsis ntev los no, ntau yam bioactive Cheebtsam hauv FF tau tshuaj xyuas los ntawm qhov txawv chromatography, electrophoresis, MS thiab NMR txoj kev, xws li

Kev xaus thiab kev xav yav tom ntej

Kev tshuaj xyuas tam sim no sau cov lus qhia ntxaws ntxaws txog kev siv tshuaj ib txwm siv, botany, phytochemistry, tshuaj muaj txiaj ntsig, tshuaj lom neeg, tshuaj pharmacokinetics thiab kev tswj xyuas zoo.F. suspensa. Nyob rau hauv classical Suav tshuaj ntsuab ntawv thiab Suav Pharmacopoeia, FF yog dominantly siv rau tshav kub-tshuaj thiab detoxifying. Txog tam sim no, ntau dua 230 lub tebchaw tau muab cais thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab no. Ntawm lawv, lignans thiab phenylethanoid glycosides raug suav hais tias yog tus yam ntxwv thiab bioactive

TCM txhais

Yin: "Yin" yog ib qho ntawm ob qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm cov xwm txheej, raws li kev tsim kho Suav thaum ub ntawm lub ntiaj teb. "Yin" yog tus yam ntxwv ua qeeb, mos, tawm los, nthuav dav, txias, ntub dej lossis tranquil, thiab nws cuam tshuam nrog dej, ntiaj teb, lub hli, poj niam thiab hmo ntuj.

Qi: Hauv cov ntsiab lus acupuncture, "qi" yog "lub neej quab yuam". Nws yog lub hauv paus ntawm txhua qhov kev txav mus los hauv lub cev, kev tiv thaiv kev tawm tsam ntawm lub cev, lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov kev ua haujlwm metabolic, muab kev tuav cov ntaub so ntswg.

Kev lees paub

Txoj haujlwm no tau txais kev txhawb nqa los ntawm Beijing Joint Project of Science Research nrog kev kawm tiav qib siab - Kev tshawb fawb thev naus laus zis tseem ceeb thiab kev siv kev ntsuas kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov khoom siv tshuaj lom hauv Suav teb raws li cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab cov yam ntxwv ntawm zebrafish.

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Ethnopharmacological qhov tseeb

Forsythiae Fructus (hu ua Lianqiao hauv Suav), txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntawmForsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl, yog siv los ua cov tshuaj ib txwm siv hauv Suav teb, Nyiv thiab Kaus Lim Kauslim. Nws yog ib txwm siv los kho pyrexia, o,kab mob gonorrhea,carbunclethiaberysipelas. Nyob ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv, Forsythiae Fructus tuaj yeem faib ua ob hom, xws li Qingqiao thiab Laoqiao. Cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo ntsuab uas pib siav yog sau ua Qingqiao, thaum cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo daj uas siav tag nrho yog sau li Laoqiao. Ob leeg yog siv rau kev siv kho mob. Qhov kev tshuaj xyuas no aims muab cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb ntawmF. suspensa(Forsythia suspensa(Thunb.) Vahl) thiab qhia txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv ib txwm siv thiabpharmacological kev ua ub nothiaj li muab kev tshoov siab rau kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej.

Cov ntaub ntawv thiab cov txheej txheem

Txhua yam ntaub ntawv hais txogF. suspensatau tshawb xyuas los ntawm Scifinder thiab tau los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tshawb fawb suav nrog Springer, Science Direct, Wiley, Pubmed thiab Tuam Tshoj Kev Paub Txog Kev Sib Txuas (CNKI). Cov ntawv pov thawj hauv zos thiab cov phau ntawv tau tshawb nrhiav thiab.

Cov txiaj ntsig

Raws li cov ntawv suav tshuaj ntsuab classical thiab Suav Pharmacopoeia, Forsythiae Fructus dominantly qhia cov cua kub-tshuaj thiab detoxifying teebmeem hauvTCMtshuaj. Hauv kev tshawb fawb niaj hnub no, ntau dua 230 lub tebchaw tau muab cais thiab txheeb xyuas los ntawmF. suspensa. 211 Ntawm lawv tau cais tawm ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo.Lignansthiab phenylethanoidglycosidesraug suav hais tias yog cov yam ntxwv thiab cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj ntsuab no, xws li forsythiaside, phillyrin,rutin uathiab phillygenin. Lawv nthuav tawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob, tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev ua xua,lwm.Tam sim no, tsis muaj kev tshaj tawm txog kev lom ntawm Forsythiae Fructus, txawm tias me ntsis toxicity ntawm forsythiaside qhia hauv cov ntawv tshaj tawm hauv zos. Piv rau Laoqiao, Qingqiao muaj ntau dua forsythiaside, forsythoside C, cornoside,rutin ua, phillyrin,gallic acidthiabchlorogenic acidthiab qis qis ntawm rengyol,β-glucose thiab S-suspensasidemethyl ether.

Xaus

Thaum tshav kub kub ua haujlwm ntawm Forsythiae Fructus yog ua raws li cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiab antioxidant ntawm lignans thiab phenylethanoid.glycosides. Detoxifying teebmeem attribute rau cov tshuaj tua kab mob, tshuaj tua kab mob thiab tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav ntawm Forsythiae Fructus. Thiab cov tshuaj suav tshuaj suav tshuaj (TCM) cov yam ntxwv ntawm Forsythiae Fructus (ntsuab tsw, qhov txias me ntsis thiab lub ntsws meridian) txhawb nqa nws cov kev tiv thaiv muaj zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, zoo kawg nkaus anti-inflammatory thiabantioxidant muaj peev xwmntawm Forsythiae Fructus pab txhawb rau nws cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob thiabneuroprotectivekev ua si. Qhov feem ntau ntawm lignans thiab phenylethanoid glycosides hauv Qingqiao ntau dua li Laoqiao yuav piav qhia txog qhov muaj peev xwm antioxidant zoo dua ntawm Qingqiao thiab nquag siv Qingqiao hauvTCMtshuaj. Rau kev tshawb fawb yav tom ntej, ntau ntxivhauv vivoCov kev sim thiab kev tshawb fawb soj ntsuam raug txhawb kom paub meej ntxiv txog kev sib raug zoo ntawm kev siv ib txwm siv thiab kev siv niaj hnub no. Hais txog Qingqiao thiab Laoqiao, lawv tseem yuav tsum tau sib txawv los ntawm txhua txoj hauv kev tswj kom zoo, thiab cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg thiab kev kho mob ntawm lawv yuav tsum muab piv rau.